1. Kurepa D, Boyar V, Zaghloul N, Beachy J, Zaytseva A, Teng D, et al. Sructured neonatal point-of-care ultrasound training program. Am J Perinatol 2021;38:e284–91.
4. Riedesel EL. Neonatal cranial ultrasound: avanced techniques and image interpretation. J Pediatr Neurol 2018;16:106–24.
5. Evans N, Gournay V, Cabanas F, Kluckow M, Leone T, Groves A, et al. Point-of-care ultrasound in the neonatal intensive care unit: international perspectives. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2011;16:61–8.
7. Miller LE, Stoller JZ, Fraga MV. Point-of-care ultrasound in the neonatal ICU. Curr Opin Pediatr 2020;32:216–27.
9. McLean G, Malhotra A, Lombardo P, Schneider M. Cranial ultrasound screening protocols for very preterm infants. Ultrasound Med Biol 2021;47:1645–56.
11. Inder TE, de Vries LS, Ferriero DM, Grant PE, Ment LR, Miller SP, et al. Neuroimaging of the preterm brain: review and recommendations. J Pediatr 2021;237:276–87.
13. The Korean Society of Neonatology. Manual of Neonatal Care. 4 ed. Seoul:The Korean Society of Neonatology, 2021, pp 376–84.
14. Beltempo M, Wintermark P, Lemyre B, Shalish W, Martel-Bucci A, Narvey M, et al. Predictors of severe neurologic injury on ultrasound scan of the head and risk factor-based screening for infants born preterm. J Pediatr 2019;214:27–33.
17. James AC. Practical guide to neonatal cranial ultrasound (crus): basics. Paediatr Child Health 2018;28:424–30.
21. Horgan JG, Rumack CM, Hay T, Manco-Johnson ML, Merenstein GB, Esola C. Absolute intracranial blood-flow velocities evaluated by duplex Doppler sonography in asymptomatic preterm and term neonates. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1989;152:1059–64.
22. Romagnoli C, Giannantonio C, De Carolis MP, Gallini F, Zecca E, Papacci P. Neonatal color Doppler US study: normal values of cerebral blood flow velocities in preterm infants in the first month of life. Ultrasound Med Biol 2006;32:321–31.
24. Lowe LH, Bailey Z. State-of-the-art cranial sonography: part 1, modern techniques and image interpretation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011;196:1028–33.
25. Taylor GA. Intracranial venous system in the newborn: evaluation of normal anatomy and flow characteristics with color Doppler US. Radiology 1992;183:449–52.
27. Papile LA, Burstein J, Burstein R, Koffler H. Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage: a study of infants with birth weights less than 1,500 gm. J Pediatr 1978;92:529–34.
29. Taylor GA, Madsen JR. Neonatal hydrocephalus: hemodynamic response to fontanelle compression: correlation with intracranial pressure and need for shunt placement. Radiology 1996;201:685–9.
30. Nakamura Y, Okudera T, Hashimoto T. Microvasculature in germinal matrix layer: its relationship to germinal matrix hemorrhage. Mod Pathol 1991;4:475–80.
31. Ghazi-Birry HS, Brown WR, Moody DM, Challa VR, Block SM, Reboussin DM. Human germinal matrix: venous origin of hemorrhage and vascular characteristics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:219–29.
32. Van Bel F, Van de Bor M, Stijnen T, Baan J, Ruys JH. Aetiological rôle of cerebral blood-flow alterations in development and extension of peri-intraventricular haemorrhage. Dev Med Child Neurol 1987;29:601–14.
33. Julkunen M, Parviainen T, Janas M, Tammela O. End-diastolic block in cerebral circulation may predict intraventricular hemorrhage in hypotensive extremely-low-birth-weight infants. Ultrasound Med Biol 2008;34:538–45.
37. Dean LM, Taylor GA. The intracranial venous system in infants: normal and abnormal findings on duplex and color Doppler sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;164:151–6.
38. Pooh RK, Pooh KH, Nakagawa Y, Maeda K, Fukui R, Aono T. Transvaginal Doppler assessment of fetal intracranial venous flow. Obstet Gynecol 1999;93(5 Pt 1): 697–701.